Q. Is it true Mormons believe Jesus went to Salt Lake City after his resurrection?
We don’t have any records indicating that Jesus visited Salt Lake City just after His resurrection (or Salt Lake valley, since there was no city at the time).
The records we have (the New Testament) indicate that He was born in Bethlehem, just outside of Jerusalem. He grew up in Nazareth and preached mainly in Galilee, and also in other regions of Palestine. He was killed by crucifixion just outside Jerusalem, and was resurrected (came back to life) after three days. He spent at least 40 days with His followers before He ascended to heaven. While He was with them, He told them He had “other sheep,” or other followers, of a different fold He needed to visit (see John 10:16).
In another record (the Book of Mormon) we learn that Jesus visited a group of immigrant Israelites who had been led by God to the American continent hundreds of years earlier. He descended from heaven and appeared to these people at the temple in the city of Bountiful (see 3 Nephi 11). Many scholars on Book of Mormon geography believe Bountiful was in what we now call the Mexican state of Tabasco with its myriad ruined temples.
When Jesus visited these people in Bountiful He told them there were yet more sheep He would go to (3 Nephi 16:1). After He departed, we presume He visited them, but we don’t have any records of it.
Read this for more on the topic: Traveling Jesus